PEER REVIEWED (book chapters and patents are found below this section)
At UConn (undergraduate students are underlined, high school students are shown in italics and underlined)
65. “Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Important Role for Microbial-derived Metabolites from Botryllus schlosseri in Metal Interactions” Dulce G. Guillén Matus, Caroline M. Donaghy, Nidhi Vijayan, Zachary T. Lane, Matthew Howell, George G. Glavin, Alfredo M. Angeles-Boza***, Spencer V. Nyholm**, Marcy J. Balunas*
64. “Synergy between the Clavanins as a weapon against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae” Naing, M.D.; Juliano, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* RSC Medicinal Chemistry 2024, 15, 2160-2164. DOI: 10.1039/D4MD00070F.
63. “Improving Antimicrobial Peptides Translational Potential Through Peptidomimetics” Alfredo M Angeles-Boza*,Nuno C. Santos*,Marlon Henrique Cardoso* Front. Microbiol. – Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy 2023, DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1304997.
62. “1,2-Azolylamidino Ruthenium(II) Complexes with dmso Ligands: Electro- and Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction” Jennings, Murphy; Cuéllar, Elena; Rojo, Ariadna ; Ferrero, Sergio; García-Herbosa, Gabriel; Nganga, John; Angeles-Boza, Alfredo; Martín-Alvarez, Jose; Miguel, Daniel; Villafañe, Fernando* Dalton Trans. 2023, 52, 16974-16983.
61. “Hydrophobic pockets built in polymer micelles to enhance reactivity of Cu2+ ions” Wei, Zichao; Liu, Chung-Hao; Luo, Qiang; Thanneeru, Srinivas; Angeles-Boza, Alfredo; Nieh, Mu-Ping; He, Jie* Materials Chemistry Frontiers 2023, 7, 2038-2048.
60. “The Synergy Between Zinc and Antimicrobial Peptides: An Insight into Unique Bioinorganic Interactions” Donaghy, C.;#, Javellana, J. G.;# Hong, Y.-J.; Djoko, K.;* Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Molecules 2023, 28(5), 2156.
59. “A synthesis of preacinetobactin that enables the preparation of C5 analogs” Bray, J.; Pierce, S.; Angeles-Boza, A.; Peczuh, M.* Molecules 2022, 27(12), 3688.
58. “Metallated Anticancer Peptides: An Expanded Mechanism that Encompasses Physical and Chemical Bilayer Disruption“ Comert, F.; Heinrich, F.; Chowdhury, A.; Schoeneck, M.; Darling, C.; Anderson, K. W.; Libardo, M. D. J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Silin, V.; Cotten, M. L.*; Mihailescu, M.* Sci. Reports 2021, 11, Article number: 12620.
57. “Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of antimicrobial peptides requires new and standardized testing structures” Meurer, M.; O’Neil, D. A.; Lovie, E.; Simpson, L.; Torres, M. D. T.; de la Fuente-Nunez, C.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Kleinsorgen, C.; Mercer, D. K.; von Koeckritz-Blickwede, M.* ACS Infect. Dis. 2021, 7, 2205–2208.
56. “ß-Oxochlorin cobalt(II) complexes catalyze the electrochemical reduction of CO2“ Nganga, J. K.; Chaudhri, N.; Brückner, C.;* Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Chem. Comm. 2021, 57, 4396-4399.
55. “Unraveling the implications of multiple histidine residues in the potent antimicrobial peptide Gaduscidin-1“ Portelinha, J.; Heilemann, K.; Jin, J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111391.
54. “Methane Generation from CO2 with a Molecular Rhenium Catalyst” Nganga, J. K.; Wolf, L. M.; Mullick, K.; Reinheimer, E.; Saucedo, C.; Wilson, M. E.; Grice, K.; Ertem, M. Z.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Inorg. Chem. 2021, 60, 3572-3584.
53. “Antimicrobial Peptides and Copper(II) Ions: Novel Therapeutic Opportunities“ Portelinha, J.†; Duay, S. S.†; Yu, S.; Heilemann, K.; Libardo, M. D. J.; Juliano, S.; Klassen, J. L.*; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Chem. Rev. 2021, 121, 2648–2712. †Equal contributions.
52. “Nuclease activity of the peptide Gad-1 clears Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms under cystic fibrosis conditions” Portelinha, J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* ChemBioChem 2021, 22, 1646-1655.
51. “(1,2-azole)bis(bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) complexes: electrochemistry, luminescent properties, and electro- and photocatalysts for CO2 reduction” Cuéllar, E.; Pastor, L.; García-Herbosa, G.; Nganga, J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Diez-Varga, A.; Torroba, T.; Martín-Alvarez, J. M.; Miguel, D.; Villafañe, F.* Inorg. Chem. 2021, 60 (2), 692–704.
50. “Peptide-Ruthenium Conjugate as an Efficient Photosensitizer for the Inactivation of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria” Pierce, S.; Jennings, M.; Juliano, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Inorg. Chem. 2020, 59 (20), 14866-14870.
49. “Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides to Better Predict Efficacy” Mercer, D. K.*; Der Torossian Torres, M.; Duay, S. S.; Lovie, E.; Simpson, L.; von Köckritz-Blickwede, M.; de la Fuente-Nunez, C.; O’Neil, D. A.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2020, 10, article 326.
On the news: Featured in the 2020 ACS Discovery Report: The future of antibiotics
48. “A Potent Host Defense Peptide Triggers DNA Damage and is Active against Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens” Juliano, S. A.; Serafim, L. F.; Duay, S. S.; Heredia Chavez, M.; Sharma, G.; Rooney, M.; Comert, F.; Pierce, Scott; Radulescu, A.; Cotten, M. L.; Mihailescu, M.; May, E. R.; Greenwood, A. I.; Prabhakar, R.*; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* ACS Infect. Dis. 2020, 6, 1250–1263.
47. “Enhanced antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles conjugated with synthetic peptide by click chemistry” Gakiya-Teruya, M.; Palomino-Marcelo, L.; Pierce, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Vijay Krishna, V.; Rodriguez-Reyes, J. C. F.* J. Nanoparticle Res. 2020, 22, Article number: 90.
46. “Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of helical antimicrobial peptide sequences incorporating metal-binding motifs” Agbale, C.; Sarfo, J. K.; Galyuon, I. K. ; Juliano, S.; Silva, G. G. O; Buccini, D. F. ; Cardoso, M.; Torres, M.; Angeles-Boza, A.; de la Fuente-Nunez, C.; Franco, O. Biochemistry 2019, 58 (36), 3802-3812.
45. “Molecular Dynamics Investigation into the Effect of Zinc(II) on the Structure and Membrane Interactions of the Antimicrobial Peptide Clavanin A” Duay, S.; Sharma, G.; Prabhakar, R.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.*; May, E. R.* J. Phys. Chem. B 2019, 123(15), 3163–3176.
44. “Synthetic polymers to promote cooperative Cu activity for O2 activation: Poly vs. Mono” Thanneeru, S.; Milazzo, N.; Lopes, A.; Wei, Z.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; He, Jie* J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141 (10), 4252–4256.
43. “Direct oxygen isotope effect identifies the rate-determining step of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction at a metal oxide surface” Haschke, S.; Mader, M.; Schlicht, S.; Roberts, A. M.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.;* Barth, J. A. C.;* Bachmann, J.* Nature Commun. 2018, 9(1), 4565.
Press release:Verständnis von chemischen Reaktionen der Wasserelektrolyse verbessert
42. “Phagosomal Copper–promoted Oxidative Attack on Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis” M. Libardo, D. J.; Fuente-Nunez, C.; Anand, K.; Krishnamoorthy, G.; Kaiser, P.; Pringle, S. C.; Dietz, C.; Pierce, S.; Smith, M. B.; Barczak, A. K.; Kaufmann, S. H. E.; Singh, A.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. ACS Infect. Dis. 2018, 4 (11), 1623–1634.
Press release: A Copper Bullet for Tuberculosis
41. “[RuII(tpy)(bpy)Cl]+-Catalyzed Reduction of Carbon Dioxide. Mechanistic Insights by Carbon-13 Kinetic Isotope Effects” Schneider, T.; Hren, M.; Ertem, M.Z.*; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Chem. Comm. 2018, 54, 8518 – 8521.
40. “Nuclease Activity Gives an Edge to Host-Defense Peptide Piscidin 3 over Piscidin 1, Rendering it more Effective against Persisters and Biofilms” Libardo, M. J.; Bahar, A. A.; Ma, B.; Fu, R.; Zhao, J.; Nussinov, R.; Ren, D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.*; Cotten, M. L.* FEBS J. 2017, 284, 3662-3683
Highlighted in: http://www.aquahoy.com, https://phys.org/news
39. “Ullmann Reaction Catalyzed by Heterogeneous Mesoporous Copper/Manganese Oxide: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Analysis” Mullick, K.; Biswas, S.; Kim, C.; Ramprasad, R.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.*; Suib, S. L.* Inorg. Chem. 2017, 56 (17), 10290–10297. (Click here if your school does not have access to Inorganic Chemistry).
38. “Single chain polymeric nanoparticles to promote selective hydroxylation reactions of phenol catalyzed by copper” Thanneeru, S.; Duay, S.; Jin, L.; Fu, Y.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; He, J.* ACS Macro Letters 2017, 6, 652-656.
37. “How Does Membrane Oxidation Affect Cell Delivery and Cell Killing?“Libardo, M. D. J.; Wang, T.-Y.; Pellois, J. P.*; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Trends Biotech. 2017, 35, 686-690.
36. “Cytotoxic property of Streptocaulon baumii extracts and their isolated compounds against different human cancer cell lines” Bartolome, Arlene P.; Villasenor, Irene M.; Lin, Yea-Lih; Libardo, M. Daben J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Yang, Wen-Chin Phil. Sci. Lett. 2017, 10, 89-97.
35. “Membrane oxidation in cell delivery and cell killing applications” Wang, T.-Y.; Libardo, M. D. J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.*; Pellois, J. P.* ACS Chem. Biol. 2017, 12, 1170-1182.
34. “Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 Catalyzed by Re(pyridine-oxazoline)(CO)3Cl Complexes” Nganga, J. K.; Samanamu, C. R.; Tanski, J. M.; Pacheco,C.; Saucedo, C.; Batista, V. S.; Grice, K.; Ertem, M. Z.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Inorg. Chem. 2017, 56 (6), 3214–3226.
33. “Exploration of the Innate Immune System of Styela clava: Zn2+ Binding Enhances the Antimicrobial Activity of the Tunicate Peptide Clavanin A” Juliano, S. A.; Pierce, S.; deMayo, J. A.; Balunas, M. J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* Biochemistry 2017, 56 (10), 1403–1414.
32. “Heterogeneous Mesoporous Manganese Oxide Catalyst for Aerobic and Additive-Free Oxidative Aromatization of N-Heterocycles” Mullick, K.; Biswas, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.*; Suib, S. L.* Chem. Comm., 2017, 53, 2256 – 2259.
31. “Enzymatic” photoreduction of CO2 using metallofoldamers containing Ni-thiolate co-factors” Thanneeru, S.; Nganga, J.; Amin, A. S.; Liu, B.; Jin, L.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.;* He, J* ChemCatChem 2017, 9, 1157-1162.
Coverage: ChemViews Magazine
30. “Facile Access to Versatile Functional Groups from Alcohol by Single Multifunctional Reusable Catalyst” Biswas, S; Mullick, K.; Chen, S.-Y.; Gudz, A.; Carr, D. M.; Mendoza, C.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Suib, S. L. Applied Cat. B 2017, 203, 607-614.
29. “Mechanism of Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl from Differences in Carbon Isotope Discrimination” Schneider, T.; Ertem, M. Z.; Muckerman, J. T.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. ACS Catalysis 2016, 6, 5473–5481.
28. “Mesoporous Copper/Manganese Oxide-Catalyzed Coupling of Alkynes: Evidence for Synergistic Cooperative Catalysis” Biswas, S; Mullick, K.; Chen, S.-Y.; Kriz, D. A.; Shakil, MD; Kuo, C.-H.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Rossi, A. R.; Suib, S. L. ACS Catalysis 2016, 6, 5069-5080.
27. “Central Role of the Copper-binding Motif in the Complex Mechanism of Action of Ixosin: Enhancing Oxidative Damage and Promoting Synergy with Ixosin B” Libardo, M. D. J.; Gorbatyuk, V. Y.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. ACS Infectious Diseases 2016, 2(1), 71-81.
26. “Complementary Effects of Host Defense Peptides Piscidin 1and Piscidin 3 on DNA and Lipid Membranes: Biophysical Insights into Contrasting Biological Activities” Hayden, R. M.; Goldberg, G. K.; Ferguson, B. M.; Schoeneck, M. W.; Libardo, M. D. J.; Mayeux, S. E; Shrestha, A.; Bogardus, K. A.; Hammer, J.; Pryshchep, S.; Lehman, H. K.; McCormick, M. L; Blazyk, J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Fu, R.; Cotten, M. L.* J. Phys. Chem. B 2015, 119(49), 15235-15246.
25. “Hybrid peptide ATCUN-sh-Buforin: Influence of the ATCUN charge and stereochemistry on antimicrobial activity” Libardo, M. D. J.; Paul, T. J.; Prabhakar, R.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Biochimie 2015, 113, 143-155.
24. “Competitive 13C and 18O Kinetic Isotope Effects on CO2 Reduction Catalyzed by Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl” Schneider, T.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Dalton Trans. 2015, 44, 8784-8787.
23. “Copper-Binding Tripeptide Motif Increases Potency of the Antimicrobial Peptide Anoplin via Reactive Oxygen Species Generation” Libardo, M. D. J.; Nagella, S.; Lugo, A.; Pierce, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Biochem. Biophys. Rese. Comm. 2015, 456, 446-451.
22. “Bioinorganic Chemistry of Antimicrobial and Host-Defense Peptides” Libardo, M. D. J.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. Comments on Inorganic Chemistry 2014, 34, 42-58.
21. “Improved Bioactivity of Antimicrobial Peptides by Addition of Amino-Terminal Copper and Nickel (ATCUN) Binding Motifs” Libardo, M. D.; Cervantes, J. L.; Salazar, J. C.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.* ChemMedChem 2014, 9, 1892-1901.
Pre-UConn
1. “Competitive Oxygen-18 Kinetic Isotope Effects Expose O−O Bond Formation in Water Oxidation Catalysis by Monomeric and Dimeric Ruthenium Complexes” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Ertem, M. Z.; Sarma, R.; Ibanez, C. H.; Maji, S.; Llobet, A.; Cramer, C. J.; Roth, J. P. Chem. Sci. 2014, 5, 1141-1152.
2. “Experimental and Computational Evidence of Metal-O2 Activation and Rate-Limiting Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in a Copper Amine Oxidase” Liu, Y.; Mukherjee, A.; Ozbil, M.; Brown, D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Dooley, D. M.; Prabhakar, R.; Roth, J. P. J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 134, 218-229.
3. “Studies of Di-iron(VI) Intermediate in Ferrate-Dependent Oxygen Evolution from Water” Sarma, R.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Brinkley, D. W,; Roth, J. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 15371-15386.
4. “Oxygen Kinetic Isotope Effects upon Catalytic Water Oxidation by a Monomeric Ruthenium Complex” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Roth, J. P. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 4722-4729.
5. “Experimental and Computational Investigations of Oxygen Reactivity in a Heme and Tyrosyl Radical-Containing Fatty Acid α-(Di)oxygenase” Huff, G. S.; Doncheva, I. S.; Brinkley, D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Mukherjee, A.; Cramer, C. J,; Roth, J. P. Biochemistry 2011, 50, 7375-7389.
6. “Catalytic Mechanism of a Heme and Tyrosyl Radical-Containing Fatty Acid α-(Di)oxygenase” Mukherjee, A.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Huff, G. S.; Roth, J. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 227-238.
7. “Generation of Endosomolytic Reagents by Branching of Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Tools for the Delivery of Bioactive Compounds to Live Cells in Cis or Trans” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Erazo-Oliveras, A.; Lee, Y.-J..; Pellois, J.-P. Bioconj. Chem. 2010, 21, 2164-2167.
8. “Photophysical Properties, DNA Photocleavage, and Photocytotoxicity of a Series of Dppn Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes” Joyce, L. E.; Aguirre, J. D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Chouai, A.; Fu, P. K.-L.; Dunbar, K. R.; Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2010, 49, 5371-5376.
9. “Anticancer Activity of Heteroleptic Diimine Complexes of Dirhodium: A Study of Intercalating Properties, Hydrophobicity and in cellulo Activity” Aguirre, J. D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Turro, C.; Pellois, J.-P.; Dunbar, K. R. Dalton Trans. 2009 (48), 10806 – 10812.
10. “Live Cell Cytotoxicity Studies of Dirhodium Complexes: Documentation of Antitumor Active Dirhodium Compounds Interactions with Nuclear DNA” Aguirre, J. D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Chouai, A.; Pellois, J.-P.; Turro, C.; Dunbar, K. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131(1), 11353-11360.
11. “Redox-Regulated Inhibition of T7 RNA Polymerase via Establishment of Disulfide Linkages by Substituted Dppz Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes” Aguirre, J. D.; Chifotides, H. T.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Chouai, A.; Turro, C.; Dunbar, K. R. Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48(10), 4435-4444.
12. “Ultrafast Ligand Exchange: Detection of a Pentacoordinate Ru(II) Intermediate and Product Formation” Liu, Y.; Turner, D. B.; Singh, T. N.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Chouai, A.; Dunbar, K. R.; Turro, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131(1), 26-27.
13. “Effect of Axial Coordination on the Electronic Structure and Biological Activity of Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes” Aguirre, J. D.; Lutterman, D. A.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Dunbar, K. R.; Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46(18), 7494-7502.
14. “Dirhodium (II,II) Complexes: Molecular Characteristics that Affect in Vitro Activity” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Chifotides, H. T.; Aguirre, J. D.; Chouai, A.; Fu, P. K.-L.; Dunbar, K. R.; Turro, C. J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49(23), 6841-6847.
15. “Photocytotoxicity of a New Rh2(II,II) Complex: Increase in Cytotoxicity upon Irradiation Similar to Hematoporphyrin” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Bradley, P. M.; Fu, P. K.-L.; Shatruk, M.; Hilfiger, M.G.; Dunbar, K. R.; Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44(21), 7262-7264.
16. “DNA Binding and Photocleavage in vitro by New Dppz Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes: Correlation to Cytotoxicity and Photocytotoxicity” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Bradley, P. M.; Fu, P. K.-L.; Wicke, S. E.; Bacsa, J.; Dunbar, K. R., Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43(26), 8510-8519.
17. “Direct DNA Photocleavage by a New Intercalating Dirhodium(II,II) Complex: Comparison to Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)4” Bradley, P. M.; Angeles-Boza, A. M., Dunbar, K. R., Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43(8), 2450-2452.
18. “Structural Evidence for Monodentate Binding of Guanine to the Dirhodium(II,II) Core in a Manner Akin to that of Cisplatin” Chifotides, H. T.; Hess, J. S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Galán-Mascarós, J. R.; Sorasaenee, K.; Dunbar, K. R. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2003 (23), 4426 – 4430.
19. “Synthesis, Structures, and Conformational Characteristics of Calixarene Monoanions and Dianions” Hanna, T. A.; Liu. L.; Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Kou, X.; Gutsche, C. D.; Ejsmont, K.; Watson, W. H.; Zakharov, L. N.; Incarvito, C. D.; Rheingold, A. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125(20), 6228-6238.
20. “Inhibition of Transcription in Vitro by Anticancer Active Dirhodium(II) Complexes” Sorasaenee, K.; Fu, P. K.-L., Angeles-Boza, A. M., Dunbar, K. R., Turro, C. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42(4), 1267-1271.
PUBLICATIONS IN SPANISH
1. “La química en nuestros platos: los preservantes” Angeles-Boza, A. M. Revista De Química 2022, 36(1), 35-41.
2. “Daniel Rabinovich: un premio a la incansable formación de estudiantes de química” Angeles-Boza, A. M. Revista De Química 2020, 34(1-2), 5-7.
3. “La importancia del uso de efectos isotópicos de átomos pesados para determinar mecanismos de reacción en la activación de moléculas pequeñas” Angeles-Boza, A. M. Revista De Química 2017, 31(1-2), 10-14.
BOOK CHAPTERS
1. “Exploring synergy and its role in antimicrobial peptide biology” Howell, M.; Wenc, A. K.; Donaghy, C. M.; Wasche, D. V.; Abissi, I.; Naing, M. D.; Pierce, S.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. in Methods in Enzymology 2022, Volume 663: Antimicrobial Peptides, Ed. Leslie Hicks.
2. “Bipyridine Ligands” Grice, K. A.; Nganga, J. K.; Naing, M. D.; Angeles-Boza, A. M. in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry III, Ed. Constable, E.; Parkin, G.; Que, L., Elsevier 2021. Book ISBN: 9780081026885.
PATENTS
1. “Composition And Method For Removing Metal Contaminants” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Landis, C. R.; Shumway, W. W. PCT Int. Appl., (2009) 30 pp. Application: WO 2008-GB2972 20080902.
2. “Composition And Method For Removing Metal Contaminants” Angeles-Boza, A. M.; Landis, C. R.; Shumway, W. W. U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2009) 11 pp., Application: US 2007-849867 20070904.